a fastener that is inserted into holes in two adjacent pieces and holds them together
source: WordNet 3.0
A pin, or block, of wood or metal, fitting into holes in the abutting portions of two pieces, and being partly in one piece and partly in the other, to keep them in their proper relative position.
source: Webster 1913
verb
To fasten together by dowels; to furnish with dowels; as, a cooper dowels pieces for the head of a cask.